Zorzi advances and challenges Underwater sensor networks

here in the box at the top right-hand corner of the article or click Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article-sign up This paper examines the main approaches and challenges in the design and implementation of underwater wireless sensor networks. We summarize key applications and the main phenomena related to acoustic propagation, and discuss how they affect the design and operation of communication systems and networking protocols at various layers. We also provide an overview of communications hardware, testbeds and simulation tools available to the research community.